Treatment and Prevention
Cough suppressants won't help bronchiectasis and can make it worse. If the bronchi contain large amounts of mucus, they may have to be drained several times a day (postural drainage).
Infections can be treated with antibiotics. Antibiotics are sometimes prescribed for use for a week or two every month, or even continuously. Your doctor may also prescribe mucolytic medications that thin mucus, as well as anti-inflammatory medications such as corticosteroids. If the blood oxygen level is low because of blocked airways, oxygen therapy can help prevent the development of heart disease related to lung problems. If there is wheezing or shortness of breath, bronchodilator medications (medications that open up the airways) can help.
Surgery may be an option for people who have repeated infections or who cough up a lot of blood. Surgeons may remove the affected part of your lung, but it won't help if the bronchiectasis involves both lungs.
Effective prevention involves tackling the many causes behind bronchiectasis. Vaccinations for measles, whooping cough, flu, and pneumonia all help reduce its development, incidence, and spread. The early use of antibiotics during infections like tuberculosis and pneumonia may prevent bronchiectasis and reduce its severity. Using anti-inflammatory medications may prevent bronchial damage. Always avoid smoking or inhaling toxic fumes, gases, and harmful dusts.
Andrew Schriber, MD, FCCP, Specialist in Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Virtua Memorial Hospital, Mount Holly, New Jersey. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.